Screenwriting Basics
What to Capitalize in a Screenplay: A Comprehensive Guide
Dec 12, 2023
By
Avinash Prabhakaran
When writing a screenplay, proper formatting is essential to ensure your script is industry-standard and easy to understand for both the production team and the actors. One crucial aspect of screenplay formatting is knowing what to capitalize.
Capitalization serves as a visual cue to indicate specific elements in your script and plays a significant role in conveying the information correctly.
In this comprehensive guide, we'll walk you through what to capitalize on in a screenplay, helping you confidently navigate the world of scriptwriting.
Character Names
Always capitalize character names when they first appear in the script. This clarifies who the characters are and helps actors identify their lines.
Capitalize character names in action lines and parentheticals if they are integral to the action or dialogue. For example: JOHN (40s, rugged) steps out of the shadows.
Dialogue
Capitalize character names at the beginning of dialogue blocks. This ensures that readers can quickly identify who is speaking.
Capitalize any words that should be emphasized or shouted within the dialogue. For example: JANE screams, "Look out!"
Slug Lines (also known as scene headings)
Capitalize slug lines to indicate a change in location or time. For example: INT. COFFEE SHOP - DAY or EXT. BEACH - NIGHT.
Transitions
Capitalize transitions to signal how one scene or sequence connects to the next. Common transitions include CUT TO:, DISSOLVE TO:, and FADE OUT.
It's worth noting that modern screenwriting software often formats transitions in uppercase automatically.
INT. and EXT. Designations
Capitalize INT. (interior) and EXT. (exterior) to specify the location of a scene. This helps the production team identify whether a scene will be shot indoors or outdoors.
Time of Day
Capitalize DAY or NIGHT when specifying the time of day within a slug line. This provides crucial information to the production team and helps set the scene's mood.
Special Elements
Capitalize any special elements or props crucial to the story or action, such as "THE SWORD OF DESTINY."
Sound Effects
Capitalize sound effects that are integral to the story and should be noticed by the reader or the production team. For example: The DOOR CREAKS open.
Shots and Angles
Capitalize specific camera shots or angles if they are vital to the storytelling. For example: HIGH ANGLE SHOT of the bustling city.
Montages
Capitalize MONTAGE when describing a sequence of short scenes or images that are related thematically.
Remember that consistency is key in screenplay formatting. Once you establish a capitalization style, stick to it throughout your script.
Industry standards and preferences can vary slightly, so staying up-to-date with the latest guidelines and adjusting your script accordingly is essential.
In conclusion, understanding what to capitalize in a screenplay is fundamental to conveying your story accurately and professionally. Proper capitalization helps ensure your script is clear, readable, and ready for production.
By following these guidelines, you'll be well on your way to crafting a screenplay that stands out in the competitive world of filmmaking. Happy screenwriting!
